Introduction
Scottish Terriers, affectionately known as “Scotties,” are compact and sturdy dogs that have been cherished in the United States since the 1890s. Their roots trace back to early 19th-century Scotland, where they were expertly bred to hunt down and eliminate vermin.
Measuring just about 10 inches tall and weighing between 18 and 22 pounds, Scottish Terriers are small in stature but big in personality. These lively and self-assured dogs thrive on plenty of daily exercise and mental challenges, proving they are far from couch potatoes.
Caring for a Scottish Terrier
Scotties are vibrant companions who thrive on quality time with their pet parents. They require regular, balanced exercise and mental engagement to stay joyful and healthy. The Scottish Terrier Club of America (STCA) recommends daily activities such as running, playing fetch, and taking long walks to satisfy their energetic spirit.
Grooming is another essential part of a Scottie’s care routine. While they are not overly demanding in maintenance, Scotties require baths, hand-stripping, or clipping every two to three months to keep their coats in top condition, according to the STCA. Prospective owners should consider whether they have the time to groom their Scottie themselves or the budget to enlist professional grooming services before bringing one home.
Scottish Terrier Health Issues
Generally, Scottish Terriers enjoy good health and typically live around 12 years. However, they are predisposed to several genetic health conditions that potential owners should be aware of. Securing pet insurance might be a wise choice to help manage any unexpected health costs.
Scottie Cramp
Scottie Cramp is a genetic disorder that affects muscle control due to a malfunctioning neurotransmitter. This condition causes episodes that may resemble seizures, including symptoms such as:
- A pronounced arch in the back
- Stiff, awkward walking
- Rolling onto their side
- Muscle spasms
Episodes often occur following intense activity, excitement, or stress. Though unsettling, Scottie Cramp is not painful and does not diminish quality of life. Veterinary guidance can help manage these episodes effectively.
Von Willebrand Disease (vWD)
Von Willebrand Disease is a hereditary bleeding disorder that impairs normal blood clotting, resulting in excessive bleeding. It is crucial to confirm that the puppy’s parents were screened for vWD with your breeder.
With proper care, dogs with vWD can lead normal lives. However, signs to watch for include easy bruising and prolonged bleeding from even minor wounds.
Liver Shunt
A liver shunt is a congenital defect where blood bypasses the liver, preventing toxin filtration from the bloodstream. Symptoms of this condition include:
- Slowed or stunted growth
- Confusion or disorientation
- Circling behavior
- Seizures
Treatment varies based on severity but often involves surgery coupled with ongoing medical management.
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA)
This neurological disorder impairs coordination and balance. Although Scottish Terrier puppies with CA are born symptom-free, they gradually develop a wobbly gait over months or years.
CA is not painful but progressively affects mobility, making activities like running or navigating stairs challenging.
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland underproduces hormones. Effects include:
- Unexpected weight gain
- Low energy levels
- A preference for warmer environments
- Dry, brittle coat
- Frequent skin and ear infections
If you spot these signs, consult your veterinarian for blood tests. With appropriate treatment and management, hypothyroid dogs can live long, healthy lives.
What To Feed a Scottish Terrier
A Scottish Terrier’s diet should consist of dog food that meets the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) nutritional standards and be appropriate for the dog’s life stage, whether puppy, adult, or senior.
Work closely with your veterinarian to select the most suitable food tailored to your dog’s specific needs.
How To Feed a Scottish Terrier
Scotties benefit from being fed two or more meals each day rather than one large meal. Puppies require even more frequent meals, typically three to four times daily.
These smart dogs enjoy mealtime puzzles such as treat dispensers, puzzle feeders, or snuffle mats, which also serve to stimulate their minds.
How Much Should You Feed a Scottish Terrier?
Feeding amounts depend on factors such as your dog’s health, size, and activity level. While you can follow the portion guidelines on your dog food packaging, your veterinarian’s advice will be the most precise for your individual Scottie.
Nutritional Tips for Scottish Terriers
A well-balanced, AAFCO-approved diet usually negates the need for supplements. However, your veterinarian may recommend specific supplements or prescription diets if necessary.
Scottish Terrier Personality and Temperament
Scotties are deeply loyal and affectionate with their family yet exhibit a strong independent streak. They often prefer to sit beside you rather than cuddle on your lap, and many handle alone time reasonably well. That said, they should not be left alone for extended periods—overnight absences longer than four hours can lead to separation anxiety.
Scottish Terrier Behavior
Scottish Terriers are naturally curious, possess a keen hunting instinct, and have a powerful prey drive. For safety, they must always be on a leash or within a securely fenced area outdoors. Scotties are notorious diggers, so ensure fences are secure against jumps or escapes.
Due to their strong prey instincts, introductions to smaller pets, including cats, should be gradual and carefully managed. Proper training and socialization remain key to helping your Scottie thrive alongside other animals, children, and unfamiliar people.
Scottish Terrier Training
Despite their sharp intellect, training a Scottie requires patience due to their independence. Employ positive reinforcement methods and keep sessions brief, enjoyable, and interactive.
Early socialization is crucial. Ask your breeder about socialization practices used during your puppy’s first weeks, and continue exposing your Scottie to new people, environments, and experiences.
Fun Activities for Scottish Terriers
- Obedience training
- Agility courses
- Hiking adventures
- Nose work games
- Scent tracking walks
- Fetch sessions
- Earthdog trials
Scottish Terrier Grooming Guide
Scottish Terriers boast a distinctive double coat that can come in black, brindle, silver, red, or wheaten. Their fur sheds minimally but requires diligent care to keep it healthy and mat-free.
Skin Care
Beyond regular bathing, Scotties do not demand intensive skin care. However, if you notice any skin changes or frequent infections, consult your veterinarian as these could signal hypothyroidism or other issues.
Coat Care
The breed’s signature shaggy coat and distinctive beard require consistent grooming to prevent mats. The double coat features a tough, weather-resistant outer layer and a soft undercoat.
Their fur grows continuously, so clipping or hand-stripping (a technique removing hair at the root to preserve the coat’s wiry texture) every two to three months is necessary. While professional grooming helps maintain this classic look, daily brushing by pet parents is essential to avoid tangles.
Eye Care
Keep your Scottie’s eyes clean and free from debris. Look out for irritation, cloudiness, or unusual discharge and consult your vet with any concerns.
Ear Care
Regular ear cleaning frequency should be advised by your veterinarian. Remain vigilant for signs of ear infections such as redness, odor, or excessive scratching.
Considerations for Pet Parents
Though Scottish Terriers harbor a streak of independence, they flourish in homes where they receive ample attention and engagement. They adapt well to apartment living if their exercise and mental stimulation needs are met, but they thrive best in homes with securely fenced yards to explore, play, and sniff around.
Boredom can lead to destructive behaviors, such as digging up flower beds, so daily physical and mental outlets are essential for your Scottie’s well-being.
Is a Scottish Terrier a good family dog?
With consistent training and proper socialization, Scottish Terriers make wonderful family pets. Be sure children understand how to interact respectfully, and always supervise interactions between kids and dogs.
How much does a Scottish Terrier cost?
Scottie puppies generally start at around $500, though price varies depending on bloodline, breeder reputation, and geographic region.
Are Scottish Terriers cuddly?
While Scotties bond closely with their families and enjoy companionship, they are not typically lap dogs. They prefer to sit beside you rather than snuggle on your lap.
