Introduction
The majestic Great Pyrenees is a towering dog breed originally developed as a vigilant guardian of livestock. Hailing from the rugged Pyrenees Mountains straddling the border between Spain and France, this breed’s signature thick, snowy white coat provides ideal camouflage amidst the wintery terrain. This natural disguise enabled them to protect flocks of sheep from formidable predators like bears and wolves, says the renowned Great Pyrenees Club of America (GPCA).
Thanks to their role defending livestock against large and dangerous predators, the Great Pyrenees boasts an impressive physical stature. Adult dogs stand tall between 25 and 32 inches at the shoulder, with females typically weighing around 85 pounds and males often tipping the scales at over 100 pounds.
Despite their strength and agility in the field, Great Pyrenees display a gentle and calm demeanor when at home with their beloved family. Their affectionate nature makes them ideal companions and wonderful family pets.
Caring for a Great Pyrenees
While exceptional guardians, Great Pyrenees are not inherently hyperactive—conserving energy was essential for them to remain alert to threats to their flock. Their independent spirit allowed them to be left alone in remote mountain valleys for extended periods, overseeing sheep with minimal supervision.
At home, this means the Great Pyrenees tends to be relatively low-energy and does not require extensive exercise routines. They appreciate their alone time, which can also translate into a more stubborn attitude during training sessions.
Surprisingly, despite their voluminous fur, grooming demands are moderate. Their long outer coat naturally resists dirt and tangling, making upkeep easier. However, weekly brushing is recommended to keep the soft undercoat healthy and to reduce the amount of shedding scattered throughout the house.
Great Pyrenees Health Issues
Great Pyrenees typically enjoy a lifespan of 10–12 years, slightly above average for giant breeds. Generally robust, responsible breeders carefully screen for several hereditary health conditions that can affect this breed.
Growth Disorders
Elbow and hip dysplasia occur when the bones in these joints grow out of alignment during development. This causes painful friction and deterioration of the joint surfaces, affecting mobility.
These conditions can be inherited but are also influenced by factors like exercise levels, weight management, and diet.
Additionally, Great Pyrenees may be screened for chondrodysplasia (a form of dwarfism), an inherited disorder causing shortened limbs, trunk, and muzzle.
Veterinarians can diagnose these conditions via X-rays, with treatments varying depending on severity.
Patellar Luxation
Great Pyrenees are prone to luxating patellas, a hereditary condition where one or both kneecaps slip out of place intermittently. Though often not painful, it can cause lameness and increase the risk of further knee injuries and arthritis.
In more severe cases, surgical intervention may be advised to stabilize the patella and enhance the dog’s quality of life.
Eye Disorders
This breed may be susceptible to several eye conditions, including:
- Entropion: where the eyelid rolls inward, causing the lashes to irritate the eye surface
- Cataracts: clouding of the lens leading to impaired vision
- Canine multifocal retinopathy (CMR): an inherited eye disease that can result in blindness
Most cases of entropion and cataracts are treatable through surgery. Unfortunately, there is no current cure for CMR, though DNA tests can screen for this condition.
Neuronal Degeneration
Neuronal degeneration (NDG) is a genetic disorder leading to progressive deterioration across the nervous system—including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
Symptoms usually emerge before the puppy’s first birthday and begin subtly, such as stumbling or dragging a paw. Over time, this degenerative disease results in complete loss of motor abilities.
There is no cure for NDG, but genetic testing can help identify affected dogs.
Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus
Gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV), a life-threatening form of bloat, can affect any deep-chested breed including the Great Pyrenees.
This condition occurs when an accumulation of food and gas causes the stomach to swell and potentially twist, cutting off blood supply to vital organs like the stomach and spleen.
Many deep-chested breeds undergo gastropexy surgery—attaching the stomach to the abdominal wall—to help prevent GDV, often performed concurrently with spaying or neutering.
If you notice any of the following signs, seek urgent veterinary help:
- Swollen, distended abdomen
- Retching without vomiting
- Signs of abdominal pain such as standing and stretching
- Excessive drooling
What To Feed a Great Pyrenees
Selecting the optimal diet for your Great Pyrenees depends on the individual dog’s needs.
While it is crucial to offer high-quality dog food that meets the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) standards, consulting your veterinarian is highly recommended. A vet will tailor recommendations based on your dog’s unique medical history and lifestyle.
Generally, Great Pyrenees thrive on diets specifically formulated for large breeds. Be sure to choose food appropriate to their life stage—puppy, adult, or senior.
How To Feed a Great Pyrenees
Given their deep chest, Great Pyrenees are vulnerable to bloat and GDV. To reduce risk, consider these feeding tips:
- Discuss the potential benefits of gastropexy surgery with your vet
- Offer multiple smaller meals per day (two or three) rather than one large meal
- Avoid vigorous activity around mealtime
- Steer clear of raised food bowls
- Use a slow-feeder bowl to encourage slower eating
How Much Should You Feed a Great Pyrenees?
Before welcoming a Great Pyrenees puppy home, factor in the budgetary considerations. Adult females typically weigh 85–100 pounds, and males often exceed 100 pounds, meaning their food requirements—and expenses—will be significantly higher compared to smaller breeds.
Recommended feeding amounts vary widely depending on your dog’s health, activity, and weight. Always follow the feeding guidelines on your dog food packaging and consult your veterinarian for personalized advice.
Nutritional Tips for Great Pyrenees
For Great Pyrenees affected by joint issues, supplements containing glucosamine and chondroitin can support joint health. Omega-3 fatty acids, often sourced from fish oil, also promote healthy skin, shiny coats, and joint wellness.
Always consult your veterinarian before introducing any supplements.
Great Pyrenees Personality and Temperament
Each dog has a unique personality, but the typical Great Pyrenees temperament is calm, self-reliant, and vigilant. Their gentle nature suits families with children who understand how to interact respectfully with large dogs. However, due to their considerable size, homes with very small children may pose a risk of accidental bumps and knocks.
Great Pyrenees Behavior
Though not highly energetic, Great Pyrenees enjoy exploring and roaming outdoors. It’s essential to keep them within a secure, sturdy-fenced area to prevent wandering and potential loss.
They generally lack a strong prey drive yet are known to bark in alert, signaling family members when strangers or visitors such as postal workers approach.
Great Pyrenees often live harmoniously with other pets but treasure their personal space. Providing a quiet retreat helps them recharge away from boisterous companions.
Great Pyrenees Training
Bred with a strong independent streak as autonomous flock protectors, Great Pyrenees can be willful learners. New pet parents are encouraged to enroll them in obedience classes for expert guidance.
Consistent training combined with positive reinforcement leads to the best outcomes. Early socialization—introducing puppies to diverse people, environments, and animals—is crucial for nurturing well-adjusted, confident adults.
Originally bred to be independent guardians, the Great Pyrenees’ self-reliant nature remains a defining characteristic.
Fun Activities for Great Pyrenees
- Cart and sled pulling
- Hiking adventures
- Leisurely family walks
- Farm work and livestock protection
Great Pyrenees Grooming Guide
Renowned for their regal white coat, Great Pyrenees feature a long, smooth outer layer layered over a thick, soft undercoat. The sleek outer fur naturally resists tangles and dirt, reducing grooming demands.
Still, these dogs are heavy shedders, and regular grooming helps manage loose fur and keeps coat health optimal.
Skin Care
While typically not prone to sensitive skin, individual dogs may have specific needs. Contact your veterinarian if you observe skin changes like redness or signs of excessive itching.
Year-round flea and tick prevention is crucial, especially since Great Pyrenees adore spending time outdoors.
Coat Care
Weekly brushing—a 30-minute session as recommended by the GPCA—is usually sufficient to maintain a shiny, healthy coat and minimize shedding.
Eye Care
Most Great Pyrenees don’t suffer from tear stains, but routine eye cleaning may be necessary to avoid infections. Consult your vet if you detect abnormal discharge, redness, or cloudiness in your dog’s eyes.
Ear Care
Regular cleaning using a veterinary-approved ear cleanser helps prevent infections and keeps ear canals healthy. Always clean ears after activities exposing your dog to water, such as swimming or baths.
Considerations for Pet Parents
Though their origins lie in mountainous terrain, the Great Pyrenees’ serene disposition makes them well-suited for urban households. They are devoted, gentle, and affectionate creatures when raised in loving homes. Early socialization is key for helping them reach their full potential.
While not typically competitive in obedience trials due to their independent streak, with patience and routine, Great Pyrenees become reliable, trustworthy family members. Naturally, they continue to shine as vigilant livestock guardians and flourish in environments offering access to farm animals and open spaces.
How tall is a Great Pyrenees on all fours?
A mature Great Pyrenees generally stands between 28 and 31 inches tall at the shoulder and weighs 85 to over 110 pounds.
How long do Great Pyrenees live?
Their average lifespan ranges from 10 to 12 years.
Do Great Pyrenees shed?
Yes, Great Pyrenees are consistent, heavy shedders throughout the year. Regular brushing helps control loose hair.
Is a Great Pyrenees a good family dog?
Absolutely. Their calm, gentle nature makes them excellent family pets for children who understand proper dog interaction. However, due to their large size, small children should be supervised to avoid accidental bumps.
What’s the difference between a Great Pyrenees vs. a Pyrenean Mastiff?
Both breeds share a common heritage as livestock guardians from the Pyrenees Mountains and exhibit similar looks and temperaments. However, Pyrenean Mastiffs tend to be larger with more varied coat colors and are generally more vocal compared to the typically quieter Great Pyrenees.
