Introduction

Famously nicknamed the “hot dog” or “wiener dog,” Dachshunds—affectionately called Doxies—are instantly recognizable by their elongated bodies, sturdy short legs, and spirited, fearless nature. These lively pups are always alert and ready for adventure.

The name “Dachshund” stems from the German words for badger (dachs) and dog (hund), reflecting their origins as tenacious badger hunters in 18th-century Germany. Their distinctive floppy ears act like natural shields, protecting their ear canals from debris as they rush through thick brush. Meanwhile, their slightly curled tail serves a practical purpose, keeping them visible to their human hunting companions behind them.

Bred for independent hunting of challenging prey, Dachshunds are courageous creatures that sometimes exhibit a bold stubbornness. Their charming personalities paired with their unique, long-and-low physique contribute to their enduring popularity across the U.S.

Dachshunds showcase a dazzling array of coat colors, patterns, and textures. They also come in two size categories:

• Standard Dachshunds: Weighing between 16 and 32 pounds and standing about 8–9 inches tall
• Miniature Dachshunds: Weighing under 11 pounds and measuring just 5–6 inches tall

Caring for a Dachshund Dog

The Dachshund (pronounced “dakk-snd”) is a spirited, strong-willed, playful, and mischievous breed — but equally intelligent and attentive.

Despite their compact size, Dachshunds require regular exercise to maintain fitness and build the muscular strength needed to safeguard their elongated backs, which are prone to injury. While they aren’t naturally suited to intense running, jumping, or swimming, these determined dogs often rise to the occasion.

To protect your Dachshund’s delicate spine, minimize jumping by installing pet stairs or ramps near sofas and beds. Maintaining a healthy weight is equally crucial, as extra pounds can put additional strain on their backs, increasing injury risk.

Dachshund Health Issues

With an average lifespan of 12–16 years, Dachshunds enjoy a lifespan typical for small breeds. Unfortunately, their distinctive body shape predisposes them to a variety of health challenges throughout their life.

The most common health concern is back problems, caused by their long spine combined with muscular yet bowed legs and low stature.

As dolichocephalic dogs—meaning they have an elongated skull and nasal passages—Dachshunds are also more susceptible to fungal, bacterial, and other infections in their sinus areas compared to short-nosed breeds.

Intervertebral Disc Disease

Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is highly prevalent in Dachshunds and can result in full paralysis of all four legs if not addressed promptly. This condition involves a bulging or slipped disc pressing on the spine. Alarmingly, up to 25% of Dachshunds may experience IVDD at some point.

If you observe any changes in your dog’s mobility or these symptoms, visit your vet immediately:

• Difficulty walking
• Limping
• Holding head or neck down
• Dragging paws
• Scuffed nails on paws

Treatment typically includes anti-inflammatory and pain medications, muscle relaxants, and strict crate rest—no running, jumping, or intense play, just brief on-leash bathroom breaks. You’ll need to carry your Dachshund up and down stairs and prevent jumping on or off furniture. When lifting, support both chest and hindquarters carefully.

In severe cases, surgery is often required to restore mobility and alleviate pain from disc damage.

Obesity

Due to their short legs and small size, Dachshunds are prone to obesity, which can further complicate mobility issues like IVDD and other orthopedic problems.

Regular veterinary checkups and weight monitoring are essential. A simple way to check is by feeling your dog’s ribs; if they’re hard to feel and your Dachshund appears to lack a defined waist, your pup may be overweight.

Consult your veterinarian to determine the ideal daily calorie intake and to develop a personalized weight management plan to keep your Doxie in top shape.

Luxating Patella

Luxating patella, or “slipped kneecap,” is common in small breeds like Dachshunds and often affects both hind legs simultaneously. You might notice your dog limping or hopping strangely as they walk.

Mild cases may need no treatment, while more severe instances could require medications or surgery. Joint supplements and a healthy weight can help mitigate related complications.

Bloat and Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV)

Although typically associated with large breeds, Dachshunds’ deep chests also put them at risk for bloat—a dangerous condition where the stomach fills with gas and can twist, cutting off blood flow to vital organs.

Watch for signs like:

• Distended, bloated belly
• Restlessness or pacing
• Drooling
• Retching without vomiting
• Lip licking
• General signs of discomfort or malaise

These symptoms constitute a medical emergency—seek immediate veterinary care if you observe any.

Deafness

Dapple-coated Dachshund puppies—featuring distinctive mottled or spotted fur—can be born deaf, especially if both parents share this pattern. While deafness isn’t curable, affected dogs can still thrive and live fulfilling lives.

Dental Disease

Small breeds like Dachshunds are susceptible to periodontal disease. Daily tooth brushing is critical to preventing dental issues. Your veterinarian can recommend safe, effective canine toothpastes and brushes, and may suggest dental chews.

Professional dental cleanings are typically advised annually to maintain oral health.

Epilepsy

Idiopathic epilepsy, a genetic condition causing seizures with no identifiable cause, commonly emerges in Dachshunds between 1 and 5 years old.

Seizures may be:

• Generalized: Affecting the whole body, accompanied by lack of awareness, excessive drooling, or loss of bladder/bowel control
• Focal: More subtle, involving twitching, chewing motions, or limb paddling

If you suspect seizure activity, seek veterinary assessment promptly. Diagnosis involves thorough physical and neurological exams, blood work, urine tests, and possibly imaging to rule out other causes. Anti-convulsant drugs can effectively manage seizures.

Eye Problems

Dachshunds are prone to eye conditions such as cataracts, glaucoma, and progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), which can lead to vision loss.

Look out for:

• Cloudy eyes
• Redness, swelling, or discharge
• Bumping into objects
• Hesitancy in new surroundings
• Reluctance to use stairs or jump on furniture
• Pawing at the eyes
• Confused or startled behavior

While PRA has no cure and results in blindness, cataracts can be surgically removed, and glaucoma managed medically or surgically. Veterinarians can screen and monitor these issues regularly.

What To Feed a Dachshund

Dachshunds thrive on a high-quality, age-appropriate diet—whether puppy, adult, or senior formulas—to fulfill their nutritional requirements. Choose foods approved by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) to ensure balanced ingredients.

Avoid sharing table scraps or animal bones, which can cause digestive upset, choking, or obstruction. Fatty human treats may trigger sensitive conditions like pancreatitis.

Your vet might recommend special dental diets designed to reduce plaque and tartar buildup on your Dachshund’s teeth.

How To Feed a Dachshund

Feed Dachshund puppies 3–4 times a day, while adult dogs do well with two meals per day.

Small breed formulas are ideal, as they typically feature smaller kibble sizes perfect for Dachshund jaws. Consult your veterinarian to select the best diet tailored to your dog’s needs.

How Much Should You Feed a Dachshund?

Portion sizes depend on the specific food brand and your dog’s health status. Follow the feeding guidelines on the dog food packaging and work with your vet to maintain a healthy weight.

Avoid overfeeding, as excess weight raises the risk of debilitating back problems.

Nutritional Tips for a Dachshund

An AAFCO-approved diet covers the basic nutritional needs, but your vet might suggest supplements to bolster joint and eye health, including:

• Glucosamine, chondroitin, and MSM to support joint function
• Omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil) for anti-inflammatory benefits and a glossy coat
• Antioxidants and vitamins to protect eye cells and delay cataract progression

Dachshund Personality and Temperament

Dachshunds are lively, affectionate dogs perfect for first-time pet parents. Their love for brain teasers, such as puzzle toys and scent-tracking games, keeps their minds sharp. Just be mindful to limit overly boisterous play that could strain their backs.

Their spirited nature means playtime with children should always be supervised, as they may play a little too roughly. Teaching kids proper dog etiquette is crucial.

Despite their small stature, Dachshunds need daily exercise to build back-supporting musculature and maintain fitness. Multiple walks, playtimes, and mental challenges throughout the day keep them balanced and happy.

Dachshund Behavior

Great for apartments or small homes, Dachshunds can be vocal and bark frequently, though training can temper this habit.

Their hunting heritage gifts them with a keen nose and strong prey drive, making them less suited for households with small pets they might see as targets.

Digging is another natural behavior, which may cause yard damage—provide safe digging alternatives to satisfy this instinct.

Dachshund Training

Though intelligent, Dachshunds are also independent and stubborn, posing some training challenges.

Use positive reinforcement and keep sessions brief to hold their attention. If distracted, pause and resume training later.

Early and consistent socialization helps puppies grow into confident, well-mannered dogs who don’t bark or chase excessively.

Fun Activities for a Dachshund

• Earthdog trials
• Scent-focused walks
• Nose work games
• Interactive puzzle toys
• Hide-and-seek with treats
• Regular daily walks

Dachshund Grooming Guide

There are three distinct Dachshund coat types:

• Longhaired Dachshunds: Luxurious, slightly wavy coats with longer hair around the neck, chest, and belly.
• Smooth Dachshunds: Short, sleek, and shiny coats requiring minimal upkeep.
• Wirehaired Dachshunds: Coarse outer coats with a soft undercoat, needing special maintenance.

While all Dachshunds shed year-round, their shedding is usually moderate compared to other breeds.

Skin Care

Bathing isn’t often necessary, but regular belly brushing is helpful since their proximity to the ground exposes them to dirt and debris. Bathing every few months is generally sufficient—consult your vet for personalized advice.

Coat Care

Grooming needs vary by coat type:

• Smooth coats require minimal care; simply wiping with a damp cloth can keep their coat glossy.
• Longhaired Dachshunds need daily brushing to prevent tangles and mats. A slicker brush to detangle and a bristle brush for shine are ideal.
• Wirehaired Dachshunds benefit from hand-stripping or plucking several times a year to maintain texture, plus occasional trims for their beard and eyebrows. Regular brushing multiple times per week keeps their coat healthy.

Eye Care

Dachshunds naturally produce a reddish-brown tear stain called porphyrin. Using specialized eye wipes can gently remove stain buildup.

If you notice sudden changes in eye appearance or vision issues, consult your vet promptly.

Ear Care

Floppy ears make Dachshunds vulnerable to ear infections due to trapped moisture fostering yeast and bacterial overgrowth.

Monthly ear checks for excessive wax buildup are recommended. This can be done during grooming routines like baths or nail trims. Always follow your vet’s guidance on safe ear cleaning products and methods.

Considerations for Pet Parents

Dachshunds make wonderful companions for those living in smaller spaces or apartments, provided the dogs receive ample daily mental and physical stimulation through walks and play.

Their vocal nature requires committed training to manage barking.

Due to their unique physique, protecting their back health is paramount. Prospective owners must be prepared to prevent obesity and limit activities that risk spinal injuries.

This intelligent, spirited breed demands consistent training and mental enrichment—ensure you have the time and dedication to meet these needs before welcoming a Dachshund into your home.

Is a Dachshund a good family dog?

With the right family setup, especially those with older children and time for active engagement, Dachshunds can be delightful family pets.

How long do Dachshunds live?

Dachshunds typically live between 12 and 16 years.

Do Dachshunds shed?

Yes, they shed moderately throughout the year. Regular grooming can help keep shedding under control.

Are Dachshunds smart dogs?

Absolutely! Dachshunds are clever problem solvers who enjoy interactive toys and mental challenges.

How much does a Dachshund cost?

Prices for Dachshund puppies range from about $500 to over $2,000, depending on coat type, markings, breeder reputation, and health clearances. Dachshund rescues and shelters also offer adoption opportunities.

How do you pronounce ‘Dachshund’?

The proper pronunciation is “daak-snd.”

Should I purchase a teacup Dachshund?

Avoid breeders advertising teacup Dachshunds. Such tiny dogs are bred for minimal size, often at the expense of their health. Miniature and standard Dachshunds already come in small sizes and provide a healthier choice.