Introduction
Newfoundlands, affectionately called Newfies, stand among the largest dog breeds, yet they are renowned for their calm, gentle, and friendly nature.
This remarkable breed traces its roots to Newfoundland, Canada, where they worked closely with fishermen and thrived as skilled water rescue dogs. Their webbed paws make them powerful swimmers, while their thick, water-resistant coat shields them from the cold waters of the North Atlantic.
Today, Newfoundlands continue to serve as working dogs in some areas, but they also shine as devoted family companions—ideal for households with ample space to accommodate these magnificent gentle giants.
Caring for a Newfoundland
Weighing between 100 and 150 pounds when fully grown, Newfoundlands are as substantial as some adults. Standing 26 to 28 inches tall at the shoulder, they boast a thick double coat that sheds steadily year-round and are known for their enthusiastic drooling. This combination calls for a dedicated grooming routine to keep them comfortable and their living spaces clean.
Owners who commit to regular brushing and managing their dog's slobber are rewarded with a loving companion. Newfoundlands have a well-earned reputation for a calm demeanor at home, unparalleled patience with children, and harmonious coexistence with other dogs and cats.
Newfoundland Health Issues
Typically living 9 to 10 years, Newfoundlands benefit from generally good health, but their large size and genetics predispose them to several health challenges owners should watch for.
Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV)
Gastric dilatation-volvulus, commonly known as bloat, is a critical, life-threatening emergency that strikes suddenly and demands immediate veterinary intervention.
This condition occurs when the stomach becomes distended with food or gas and may twist on itself, cutting off blood flow to vital organs like the spleen and the stomach itself.
Watch for these alarming symptoms:
- Unproductive retching or attempts to vomit
- Swollen, distended abdomen
- Restlessness and inability to settle
- Excessive drooling
- Sudden collapse
Swift veterinary care is essential; without it, the dog can go into shock, suffer tissue damage, or even die. If you observe any signs of bloat or GDV in your Newfoundland, rush to the nearest emergency clinic immediately. The longer treatment is delayed, the higher the risk of fatality.
Older Newfies with deep chests are particularly susceptible. A preventative surgical procedure called gastropexy, often performed during spaying or neutering, can secure the stomach to prevent twisting.
Bone Cancer (Osteosarcoma)
Newfoundlands are especially prone to osteosarcoma, a vigorous and aggressive bone cancer prevalent among large breeds.
Symptoms often first appear as lameness or limping. Diagnosis typically involves X-rays, and treatment usually includes managing pain, possible limb amputation, and chemotherapy.
Hip Dysplasia
Hip dysplasia arises when the hip joint develops improperly, leading to joint looseness that can progress to degenerative joint disease and osteoarthritis. This painful condition causes limping and difficulty rising.
Factors contributing include genetics, rapid growth, hormones, and diet. Managing your Newfie’s weight is crucial to reduce arthritis risk. Veterinary advice often includes low-impact exercise, omega-3 fatty acids (like fish oil), and joint supplements. Severe cases might require surgery.
Elbow Dysplasia
Elbow dysplasia involves abnormal development of the elbow joint, influenced by genetics, growth rate, diet, or injury.
Symptoms mirror those of hip dysplasia, including pain and limping, with arthritis potentially setting in. Treatment depends on severity, often necessitating surgical intervention.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)
Dilated cardiomyopathy is a serious heart condition where the left ventricle’s muscle thins and weakens, diminishing its pumping ability. Symptoms like rapid breathing, lethargy, and loss of appetite can appear suddenly or worsen gradually, potentially leading to congestive heart failure.
DCM requires intensive veterinary care, and unfortunately, not all affected dogs recover fully.
What To Feed a Newfoundland
Providing your Newfie with a complete and balanced diet that meets standards set by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) ensures they get the essential nutrients needed for health and vitality.
For growing Newfoundland puppies, nutrition tailored for giant or large-breed puppies supports healthy development with the right balance of fat, protein, and carbohydrates available in specialized AAFCO-compliant puppy formulas.
Always consult your veterinarian to determine the optimal diet for your Newfoundland’s individual needs.
How To Feed a Newfoundland
Adult Newfoundlands thrive on feeding schedules of about every 12 hours. Puppies, who have smaller stomachs and higher energy demands, may require more frequent meals; your vet can help customize feeding times.
Since Newfies are at risk for bloat and GDV, take care to reduce this risk by:
- Encouraging slower eating using slow feeder bowls, lick mats, or puzzle feeders
- Avoiding elevated food bowls, as these might increase bloat risk
- Dividing daily food into two or more meals instead of one large portion
- Refraining from rigorous exercise for at least an hour before and after meals
How Much Should You Feed a Newfoundland?
Caloric needs vary based on each dog’s size, metabolism, and lifestyle activity level. Your veterinarian and the feeding guidelines on your dog food packaging make excellent resources for determining the right quantity of food for your Newfie.
Nutritional Tips for Newfoundlands
A balanced AAFCO-compliant diet generally covers all your Newfoundland’s nutritional requirements. However, your vet might suggest supplements tailored to address specific health issues or life stages.
Never introduce supplements without veterinary approval to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Newfoundland Personality and Temperament
Known for their affectionate and gentle nature, Newfoundlands excel as family dogs. They’re famously sweet, patient with children, and get along well with other pets, including small animals.
Despite their kindness, always supervise interactions between your Newfie and young children, as their large size means accidental bumps can occur.
Though calm, Newfoundlands benefit from daily moderate exercise such as walks, occasional hikes, or swimming for mental stimulation and to prevent unwanted weight gain.
Newfoundland Behavior
Due to their loving nature, some Newfoundlands develop separation anxiety when left alone. Combat this by ensuring ample playtime, physical activity, and mental engagement when together. Providing interactive toys during absences can ease anxiety.
If your Newfie struggles with separation anxiety, your vet can offer advice and strategies tailored to your dog.
Many Newfies tend to pull on the leash; starting leash training early will help create enjoyable walks.
Newfoundland Training
Newfoundland puppies grow rapidly and can become strong enough to overpower their owners through pulling or jumping. That’s why early and consistent obedience training is crucial.
Thankfully, these intelligent dogs respond well to positive reinforcement techniques—plenty of praise and rewards go a long way. Some may display stubborn streaks, but patience and consistency ensure success.
Socialization during puppyhood helps your Newfie feel confident and comfortable in various environments. Your veterinarian can guide you on effective socialization practices.
Fun Activities for Newfoundlands
- Cart pulling
- Swimming
- Hiking
- Agility
- Flyball
- Leisurely walking
Newfoundland Grooming Guide
The double coat of a Newfoundland consists of a coarse, water-resistant outer layer and a dense, soft undercoat. Their coats come in several beautiful hues, including black, black-and-white, gray, and brown.
Newfoundlands shed year-round, with two major “coat blows” annually when shedding intensifies. While grooming requires dedication, it typically doesn't mandate frequent professional appointments.
Skin Care
Bathing your Newfoundland about once a month keeps their skin healthy without risking irritation. Never bathe more than once every two weeks, unless after a swim, when a gentle, dog-approved shampoo is best.
Coat Care
To prevent mats and remove loose hair, brush your Newfie thoroughly at least weekly. Regular brushing also helps reduce shedding inside your home.
Don’t forget to wipe away drool, which can settle and stain their fur.
Eye Care
Newfoundlands have no extraordinary eye care needs beyond routine maintenance. Wiping away minor debris with a damp cloth or vet-recommended cleaner is usually sufficient.
If you notice excessive discharge, squinting, cloudiness, or redness, these might be signs of an eye issue requiring veterinary attention.
Ear Care
Their floppy ears can trap moisture and debris, making ear infections more likely. Follow your vet’s advice to clean your Newfoundland’s ears regularly using a pet-specific ear cleaner to keep infections at bay.
Considerations for Pet Parents
Thanks to their affectionate temperament, Newfoundlands make wonderful family companions. Early positive training and socialization are vital due to their impressive size. Their moderate activity level means they do best with stimulating play and regular exercise.
Keep in mind: abundant shedding and drooling are part of the Newfie package, so a powerful vacuum and a trusty towel will quickly become your best friends.
How big are Newfoundland dogs?
Adult Newfoundlands typically stand 26 to 28 inches tall and weigh between 100 and 150 pounds.
How long do Newfoundlands live?
The average lifespan of a Newfoundland is 9 to 10 years.
How much does a Newfoundland cost?
Prices for Newfoundland puppies vary depending on breeder and location but generally range from $1,500 to $2,000. Alternatively, rescue organizations and shelters sometimes have Newfoundlands available for adoption.
Is a Newfoundland a good family dog?
Absolutely. When properly socialized and trained early, Newfoundlands are loving, gentle family dogs—just be prepared for some slobber! They combine intelligence with a calm, affectionate nature.
Do Newfoundlands bark a lot?
Newfoundlands don’t usually bark excessively. They may vocalize to alert you of something unusual, but generally, they are quiet and peaceful companions.
