Introduction
There’s compelling evidence that the fox-faced German Spitz ranks among the oldest dog breeds in Europe. This remarkably intelligent and densely furred canine traces its roots back to the Middle Ages, where it was originally bred for guarding and herding purposes. By the 1700s, the German Spitz had transitioned into a beloved companion dog, according to Petscarelab’s canine history research.
This charming breed is distinguished by its fluffy double coat, petite triangular ears, and a bushy tail that elegantly curls over its back. The German Spitz comes in three distinct sizes, making it a wonderful fit for a variety of homes:
- Toy German Spitz: Standing 8–12 inches tall and weighing between 10–11 pounds
- Medium German Spitz: Measuring 12–16 inches tall and weighing 15–25 pounds
- Large German Spitz: Towering 16–20 inches tall and tipping the scales at 30–50 pounds
Caring for a German Spitz
Unlike its smaller relative, the Pomeranian, the German Spitz retains its working dog heritage, thriving on activity and independence. These smart pups learn quickly and flourish in family settings, especially when given plenty of mental and physical stimulation. They tend to get along best with older children who understand and respect their boundaries.
Bred originally as vigilant guardians, German Spitz have a tendency to be quite vocal. While this can be managed through consistent training, expect your furry friend to announce visitors—even the mail carrier! Though they can be reserved around strangers, they usually mingle harmoniously with other household pets when properly introduced.
Maintaining the luxurious long double coat of a German Spitz is essential for their comfort and health. They require brushing at least every other day to prevent mats, which can cause painful skin issues. This thick fur is crucial for regulating their temperature in all seasons, so shaving your Spitz is strongly discouraged.
Active by nature, German Spitz need about one to two hours of exercise daily to stay happy and healthy. However, they are not built for endurance activities or high heat, so monitor them closely in warm weather or during long outings.
German Spitz Health Issues
The German Spitz is a robust breed with relatively few serious health concerns. In fact, they have historically contributed to improving the health of related breeds through careful breeding. However, prospective owners should be aware of certain conditions and discuss these with breeders:
Collapsing Trachea
Collapsing trachea occurs when the cartilage rings in the windpipe weaken over time, narrowing the airway and causing a distinctive honking cough. This cough often surfaces with excitement or when pressure is applied to the neck via collars or leashes.
Mild symptoms may improve with weight management, cough suppressants, reduced activity, and the use of harnesses instead of collars. Severe cases might necessitate surgical intervention to support the airway.
Patellar Luxation
Common in smaller dog breeds, patellar luxation involves the kneecap slipping out of its normal position, leading to an abnormal gait or occasional limping. While mild cases might only be detectable during vet exams, more serious situations can cause noticeable discomfort or mobility issues.
Most patellar luxation cases respond well to joint supplements and maintaining a healthy weight. Surgery is sometimes required if the condition severely impairs movement or causes further ligament damage.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy
Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is linked to a genetic mutation found in German Spitz dogs. This condition causes the gradual degeneration of retinal cells responsible for capturing light and sending visual information to the brain, eventually leading to blindness over one to two years.
Early signs can be subtle—dogs may become clumsier in low light or unfamiliar places, and their pupils might appear unusually dilated. In later stages, abnormal reflections in the eyes can be observed.
There’s no cure for PRA, but it is painless, and most dogs adapt well by relying on their other senses. Responsible breeders test for this genetic mutation to help reduce its incidence.
What To Feed a German Spitz
The German Spitz does not require any special dietary regimen beyond a balanced commercial dog food suited to their life stage—puppy, adult, or senior. Small-breed formulas are ideal for the smaller Spitz varieties, as kibble size is easier for them to handle comfortably.
How To Feed a German Spitz
Puppies younger than four months benefit from frequent small meals—four or five daily—to prevent blood sugar dips that can affect energetic pups.
Adult German Spitz thrive on two to three meals a day. Incorporating puzzle feeders into mealtimes can be an excellent way to challenge your Spitz’s sharp mind and keep them engaged.
How Much Should You Feed a German Spitz?
Measure your dog’s food carefully and follow the feeding guidelines on the food packaging. Remember that individual needs vary based on size, metabolism, and activity level.
If weight gain becomes a concern, consult your veterinarian to establish appropriate calorie goals. Be mindful to include treats and chews in the overall calorie count, as even small adjustments can significantly impact smaller dogs.
Nutritional Tips for German Spitz Dogs
Feeding a balanced diet that meets Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) standards typically provides all necessary nutrients. Avoid giving supplements without your vet’s advice.
German Spitz Personality and Temperament
German Spitz dogs are known for their friendly yet independent nature. Their working dog roots have bred into them a lively spirit, but decades of companionship breeding have softened them into affectionate family members.
They prefer running and playing in the yard over lounging on the couch and eagerly engage in games and learning new tricks.
German Spitz Behavior
With strong guardian and herding instincts, German Spitz may be wary of strangers and quick to bark at unfamiliar sights and sounds. Training can help manage this vocal tendency, but some barking is natural for the breed.
Their herding legacy also means a noticeable prey and chase drive, making activities like agility and playing chase games perfect outlets for this energy. However, fast-moving kids and small pets should be supervised to prevent overstimulation.
German Spitz Training
German Spitz are bright but sometimes stubborn, requiring consistent, positive reinforcement-based training. They pick up commands quickly yet may test your resolve regularly.
Early socialization is crucial, especially given their watchful nature. Helping your puppy become comfortable with new people, environments, and stimuli sets the stage for a confident, well-rounded adult dog.
Fun Activities for German Spitz
- Agility courses
- Neighborhood walks
- Heelwork to music
- Obedience training
- Freestyle dog dancing
German Spitz Grooming Guide
Although their abundant coat may look intimidating, German Spitz grooming can be straightforward with routine care. Brushing every other day helps prevent tangles and doubles as high-quality bonding time.
Skin Care
Good coat maintenance typically keeps the German Spitz’s skin healthy. Bathing should be reserved for every two to three months or after the dog has gotten particularly dirty, using gentle dog shampoos and conditioners.
Coat Care
The German Spitz sports a double coat: a long, sleek outer layer and a soft, wool-like undercoat. This combination requires thorough brushing several times a week to avoid mats and tangles.
Shedding peaks twice yearly during a two- to three-week period, but is minimal otherwise with regular brushing.
Never shave or close-clip a German Spitz’s coat unless absolutely necessary for mat removal, as their layered fur plays an essential role in regulating temperature year-round.
Eye Care
Healthy German Spitz eyes rarely need special attention. Routine vet checkups will help monitor for conditions like progressive retinal atrophy.
Ear Care
This breed’s ears generally require no special treatment. Consult your veterinarian about ear cleaning and safe products if needed.
Considerations for Pet Parents
The German Spitz makes a lively, affectionate family member, especially for those eager to participate in training and interactive play. They flourish when given regular mental and physical activities and benefit greatly from having “jobs” to channel their energy.
Their grooming needs are manageable once a schedule is established, and their overall good health contributes to a sturdy 13–15 year lifespan on average. While cautious with strangers, German Spitz dogs are deeply loyal and loving with those they trust.
Is a German Spitz a Pomeranian?
No. Though closely related, the Pomeranian is smaller and has been selectively bred as a companion for longer, while the German Spitz originally served as a versatile working dog.
Are German Spitz good pets?
Absolutely! When given consistent training and plenty of engagement, German Spitz dogs make playful, affectionate, and devoted pets.
Can German Spitz be left alone?
While they thrive on attention and mental stimulation, German Spitz can learn to tolerate being alone for reasonable periods if trained properly.
Are German Spitz expensive?
Prices vary by breeder, bloodline, and location, but German Spitz puppies from reputable sources typically cost around $3,000.
What colors are German Spitz?
German Spitz dogs come in a beautiful range of coat colors including wolf gray, white, red, cream, orange, brown, black and tan, and solid black.
